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"Constructive possession exists when the prohibited property 'is found in a place under [the defendant's] dominion [or] control and under circumstances from which it can be reasonably inferred that the defendant had actual knowledge of the existence of the [property].'" ¶ 10 (App. 2007) (alteration in original) ().

“Constructive possession exists when the prohibited property ‘is found in a place under the defendant’s dominion or control and under circumstances from which it can be reasonably inferred that the defendant had actual knowledge of the existence of the property.’” ¶ 10 (App. 2007) ().

“Constructive possession exists when the prohibited property ‘is found in a place under the defendant’s dominion or control and under circumstances from which it can be reasonably inferred that the defendant had actual knowledge of the existence of the property.’” ¶ 10 (App. 2007) ().

7 STATE v. ZAVALA Decision of the Court other things, possession of dangerous drugs); ¶ 7 (App. 2020) (“‘Possession’ means a person ‘knowingly exercised dominion or control over property,’ and it may be actual or constructive”) (citations omitted); (noting fact finder may find constructive possession where substance is “found in a place under [the defendant’s] dominion and control and under circumstances from which it can be reasonably inferred that the defendant had actual knowledge of the exis

Although a defendant’s “[e]xclusive control of the place in which the narcotics are found is not necessary” to show possession, (), a defendant’s “mere presence” at that location is not sufficient, ¶ 10 (App. 2013).

(noting constructive possession applies where the prohibited item is “found in a place under [the defendant’s] dominion and control and under circumstances from which it can be reasonably inferred that the defendant had actual knowledge of the existence” of the prohibited item).

(holding that defendant had constructive possession of narcotics found in a box on the open back porch of his apartment even though it was accessible to others).

(“Constructive possession is generally applied to those circumstances where the [illicit item] is not found on the person of the defendant nor in his presence, but is found in a place under his dominion and control and under circumstances from which it can be reasonably inferred that t

¶21 “Constructive possession exists when the prohibited property ‘is found in a place under [the defendant’s] dominion [or] control and under circumstances from which it can be reasonably inferred that the defendant had actual knowledge of the existence of the [property].’” (alterations in Cox).

(generally, “constructive possession” applies to circumstances where the drug is not found on the defendant’s person or in his presence, but rather in a place “under his dominion and control” and when “it can b

at 520 , at 1339 (1972), we said: “[T]he crime of possession of narcotics requires physical possession or constructive possession with actual knowledge.

: “Constructive possession is generally applied to those circumstances where the drug is not found on the person of the defendant nor in his presence, but is found in a place under his dominion and control and under circumstances from which it can be reasonably inferred that the defend

Exclusive control of the place in which the narcotics are found is not necessary.” , Constructive possession may be proved by circumstantial evidence.

: “ , we held that the crime of possession of narcotics requires physical possession or constructive possession with actual knowledge of the presence of the narcotic substance.

Constructive possession “is generally applied to those circumstances where the drug is not found on the person of the defendant nor in his presence, but is found in a place under his dominion and control and under circumstances from which it can be reasonably inferred that the defendant had actual knowledge of the existence of the narcotics 2 .” , ; Carroll v. State, supra.